The Impact of Social Media on the Learning Process of Children Aged 6-12 Years Old

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INTRODUCTION
Technology produces machines and tools such as printing presses, clocks, sewing machines, cars and so on so that humans live more easily, safely in their environment (Zafari et al., 2019).It can also be harmful and destructive to human life.Technology has been utilized in education for a long time.Technology can invent the printing press, paper, radio, to be utilized for education (Frank et al., 2019).It is not specifically for educational purposes, but it can also be utilized in education (González et al., 2020;Luo et al., 2020).The development of technology is increasingly rapid in the era of globalization at this time, its influence is inevitable in the world of education Technology provides information quickly.done wisely for education and is very important for welfare (Mateo et al., 2019;Tahernejad-Javazmi et al., 2019).Technology improves quality and attainment done wisely for education and is essential for well-being.
Learning becomes a change in attitude that tends to be permanent and results in learning that can achieve goals (Chen, 2020;Dodd et al., 2019).Learning is the activity of each individual for the educational process in order to obtain changes in behavior in the form of knowledge, attitudes, or skills.Learning is basically an interaction with all the circumstances that exist in each individual (Stokes et al., 2020;Too et al., 2019).Learning can also increase knowledge, skills, attitudes, as a series of activities towards a complete human person.Learning media is specifically designed to attract the feelings, attention, and desires of students so that changes occur in the learning process (Azmian Moghadam et al., 2020;Fayez et al., 2019).Learning media provides information in the form of knowledge as well as a means for students to carry out learning activities such as working on problems, answering questions, reading, observing, and others.
Children aged 6-12 years are experiencing a phase of growth and development, both physical and attitudinal.(Beenackers et al., 2021;Tzilas et al., 2020).In the phase of children aged 6-12 years old are at the elementary school level of education, during this period each child has a different personality and character and has different learning abilities (Cao et al., 2021;Marini et al., 2020).The stage of child development can be divided into two stages, first children aged 6-9 years are in the early childhood phase, while children aged 10-12 years are late childhood (Kelly et al., 2019).At this time, children can think maturely about what is good and what is bad.The learning process of children aged 6-12 years has also begun at a higher level of learning than early childhood.At this time the child's social environment can affect the level of the child's personality (Dulebenets, 2019;Mammone et al., 2020), Therefore, children must choose their friends wisely.
Social media is an online media, for each user it can be very easy to share information, communicate remotely, and even see and know the outside world (Leong et al., 2019;Thorisdottir et al., 2019). (de Villiers et al., 2021;Islam et al., 2021).As internet technology develops rapidly, social media will develop further as well (de Villiers et al., 2021;Islam et al., 2021) .Now to access Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, WhatsApp, TikTok, YouTube for example, can be done anywhere and anytime.Even nowadays, social media has no boundaries (Iankova et al., 2019;Thorisdottir et al., 2019), so that anyone can easily use and view social media including children aged 6-12 years.At this time social media is very interesting because social media invites everyone to provide feedback, comments openly.Social media is the most common form of social networking used by people around the world, including adolescents and children aged 6-12 years.
The positive impact of social media for adolescents or children aged 6-12 years, one of which is that children can add insight not only that, but children can also socialize with new people on social media, so that children have many friends, social media can also be used as a medium for online trading, while in the learning process social media really helps students to find subject matter, the progress of social media really proves that social media can have a positive impact on children and students in the learning process.In its negative impact, the media can make children lazy to learn, unfocused, easily sleepy, even if there is no social media, it will make children bored quickly.Social media also has an impact on student learning motivation at school.Students who spend a lot of time with social media can affect the child's personality.
The impact of social media in the learning process of children aged 6-12 years greatly affects the ongoing learning process of children both positively such as helping in the learning process and negatively children cannot divide time so that learning becomes ineffective (Y.Wang et al., 2020).Addicted and more active in cyberspace, children become lazy to learn, and others.Because this is the reason for teachers to always make innovations in learning so that children do not get bored quickly.Because it is undeniable that social media has indeed become a mandatory thing in children and adolescents, here parents also have a big influence in it, because children's time is more at home (Barnett et al., 2020).As a parent, you must be able to intelligently divide children's time at home for learning and playing social media, so that children can be controlled and their learning process is not disturbed.
The purpose of this research is to find out what the impact of social media is experienced by children aged 6-12 years, whether the impact of social media in the learning process is very useful or the opposite (Abbas et al., 2019).Hasil ini menjelaskan bahwasannya medi sosial sangat berdampak negatif dalam proses pembelajaran anak usia dini, because it can interfere with the child's learning process because the child cannot divide the time between learning and playing social media (Iankova et al., 2019;Li et al., 2019).Parents are also a big influence in it (Stavropoulos et al., 2019).Including teachers, because some of the children's time is also spent at school, if teachers can supervise children at school, children will be able to focus at school, both in learning and in interacting with peers at school (König et al., 2020;Starkey, 2020).Because children who can divide their time playing social media will be able to divide their time between studying and playing social media.
Research conducted by Anik Suryaningsih with the title The Impact of Social Media on Student Learning Achievement states that social media is needed by students to find positive things such as seeking knowledge (Chen, 2020;Perkins et al., 2019), Like books on social media, while some mostly use social media to see negative things, spending their time playing TikTok and other social media applications.In fact, many children are sleepy during learning hours because they mostly watch on social media, resulting in learning not running smoothly because of this.then attention continues to be focused on adolescents or children aged 6-12 years.
Based on the explanation of previous research, it can be concluded that there are differences to the current research (novelty).This study discusses and states the impact of social media experienced in the learning process of children aged 6-12 years.The impact of social media makes children very influenced in negative things, many children only spend their time playing social media (Laguna et al., 2020).Children are only busy playing Youtube, Telegram, and other applications.Children should learn or focus on family when at home, but children are only busy playing social media, it is very influential on the child's learning process.Children aged 6-12 years should be monitored every day instead of just being left alone, because it is likely to affect children's learning both now and later in terms of place and time very different from previous research.
Based on the explanation above, the researcher is interested in taking a title of the impact of social media on the learning process of children aged 6-12 years because the researcher realizes that currently there are many minors who are not able to sort out good social media and those that have a bad impact on them, researchers want to examine more deeply why many children aged 6-12 years are affected by social media, so that at school many children only focus on playing social media and neglect school assignments and even children become lazy to interact with their peers.Hopefully this research can reduce the impact of social media on children aged 6-12 years so that there is a faster handling for the better.So that at least there is a reduction in the impact of this social media in the lives of children and adolescents.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The method used in this research uses quantitative method (J.Wang, 2021).Quantitative methods are methods that provide in-depth and accurate information through events or problems that occur (Bakir et al., 2020;Matviychuk et al., 2019).The reason researchers use this quantitative method is to collect information related to the impact of social media on the learning process of children aged 6-12 years.Researchers apply this method, because the problem of children aged 6-12 years is affected by social media (Cohen, 2021).Researchers also conducted online interviews with respondents, namely with elementary school teachers and 12-year-old children to find out the extent to which social media affects children aged 6-12 years.Does it have a positive impact or even a negative impact and to what extent the role of parents and teachers in overcoming this problem on children?
This questionnaire was made to find out how the views and responses of teachers and children aged 6-12 years related to the impact of social media in the learning process.Before making a questionnaire and distributing it, the researcher first looked for information that was certain.Then the researchers made 20 questions and distributed them online, then for interviews with children and teachers conducted online as well, but it is better if researchers conduct interviews directly with respondents to be more effective, but due to time constraints in conducting this research, researchers can only conduct online interviews via Google from and interviews using WhatsApp, despite time constraints but researchers are still trying their best to conduct these interviews in order to achieve satisfactory results in this study.
This interview was conducted by researchers in a short time, only within one day for researchers to find out the responses and results obtained from respondents.With the initial technique of using data collection, after that the researcher conducted an online interview and was directly answered by the subject.So that with that the researcher knows the results obtained and immediately makes it in the form of diagrams and complete data so that there are no errors in making the results later.This interview is a very effective way to prove and justify the data that has been filled in before.This interview is called a directed interview because the interview has been planned and prepared in advance, so the respondent only has to answer honestly all the questions that have been prepared and asked by the researcher in order to find out the true results of certainty and circumstances.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION Social media and children's learning
Media is an important element that is the beginning of social change.So that social media can make users able to interact with anyone and anywhere.Children's learning when social media has entered into everyday life both at home.Society, and schools are indeed very impactful in the learning process of children.Social media is also an online media which makes its users able to search and find anything in it, because the fact is that social media is unlimited as long as the internet network still exists in this world.Information is a very fast growing thing today, one of which is the internet.anyone can see the latest news and even news and information that has passed.So sophisticated is this social media that everyone is competing in using the internet, because for them if they don't use the internet it is considered to be out of date.Including teenagers, parents, even children aged 6 years, they are already very familiar with the internet, to watch, play games, everything uses the internet.So that their leisure time and study time are wasted because they spend a lot of time with the internet.Social media has an important role for everyone, namely as a means of interaction, communication, socialization, needs, work and so on.In addition, social media is also beneficial for each individual, one of which is in the field of education.For example, children who can take some information from social media, increase their knowledge by watching YouTube.Where there are lots of learning videos that really add insight, as well as a more creative, innovative way of thinking.then children can apply it in everyday life and have a positive impact on using it properly.In every child's learning process, a teacher is required to synchronize or adjust to the child's ability, because each child has a character and ability to master this learning that can gain deeper knowledge of this learning.Furthermore, children can increase interest in the learning process by using this social media.For example, the teacher displays learning material in front of the infocus with a creative and interesting display, so that the child can understand the learning displayed.

Social media can be influential in the world of learning
The positive impact of social media for adolescents and children aged 6-12 years such as, making it easier for children to find information about learning, making it easier for children to interact with distant friends or what are commonly called online friends so that children's socialization becomes good, then add insight and support new knowledge.One of the negative impacts for children is that it makes children addicted, the fact is that we can see nowadays so many children are not easily separated from social media, so that children become lazy to interact and play with friends their age, even worse, children access a lot of pornography on social media, the proof is that many minors are dating, even committing adultery, most children imitate it from the shows they see.Then because often playing social media makes children lazy to move and learn, so that children's concentration decreases in school learning.
0-11 0-43 0-34 0-11 P18.Everything on social media is only negative which will affect children's learning 0-10 0-14 0-56 0-19 P19.As a result of social media, children often do not pay attention to the teacher 0-26 0-56 0-13 0 P20.Children aged 6-12 years should be able to use social media 0-32 0-50 0-14 0 In the table above there are several statements related to the impact of social media in the learning process of children aged 6-12 years.The table contains 20 questions that make it easier for researchers to examine the impact of social media in the learning process of children aged 6-12 years.The questions contained in the table explain what researchers tested on children aged 6-12 years, researchers also interviewed online elementary school teachers regarding this social media issue.Social media must be used by children aged 6-12 years obtained 8% (agree).The negative impact of social media in the learning process obtained a percentage of 62% (agree) social media has a positive impact in helping children learn to get 37% (agree).then the impact of social media also affects the lack of children's focus in learning with a percentage of 56% (agree).Children's learning time becomes less because of the frequency of playing social media with a percentage of 62% (Agree).And children aged 6-12 years should not recognize social media with a percentage of 43% (Strongly agree).
Researchers also found that social media also has a positive impact on children's learning with a percentage of 62% (agree).Children who use social media help children not get bored quickly learning with a percentage of 45% (agree).Children who are wise in using social media with a percentage of 51% (strongly agree).And children aged 61-12 years must indeed be able to use social media, because they follow the times with a percentage of 50% (agree).So it can be seen that social media not only has a negative impact on children aged 6-12 years but also has a positive impact on children's learning, both at school and at home.
Parents and teachers must be wise in paying attention to children when studying at home and studying at school, because the current socialization has indeed had a great effect on children and adolescents, be wise in introducing social media to children.
The figure above shows a graph about the impact of social media on the learning process of children aged 6-12 years.This research data uses 20 questions to find out how children aged 6-12 years respond to the impact of social media in the learning process.The question that gets the highest percentage in the agree category is 70% in question 1.The next highest percentage results are questions 3 and 6 by getting a percentage of 65% in the agree category.The next highest percentage is in question 15 which gets a percentage of 65% in the disagree category.Question 1 gets the highest data of 53% with the category Disagree.So it can be concluded that the results of obtaining the highest data in the strongly agree category and the lowest data in the disagree category.From the data above we can find out the correct and accurate data acquisition.
The characteristic of the impact of social media in the learning process of children aged 6-12 years is to provide correct and clear information.In order to know what the impact of social media is in the learning process of children, then what efforts should be made by parents and teachers in reducing the use of social media in children aged 6-12 years.There are many negative influences that children get because they use social media too often so that it makes children lazy to learn, children become sleepy in class, then makes children not focus on paying attention to the lessons delivered by the teacher at school.Children's interaction with their friends also becomes less because they only focus on playing and using social media.In its positive impact, it makes children make many friends because they make friends with new people on social media so that it makes children's socialization develop very well, social media can also be used by children to find incomplete subject matter and books in their school library.
The result of this study is that social media does have a significant impact on the learning process of children aged 6-12 years.As a result of the development of times and technology, society, parents, teachers, jobs, even minors inevitably have to be able to use and use social media, because it is demanded by technological developments.So the better way is that parents and teachers must continue to supervise children so that they are not trapped in the negative impact of social media.Sometimes children even though they have been supervised by teachers and parents but their friendship environment is not good.So the child himself must be able to choose who to hang out with, because nowadays many children do negative things because of an unhealthy friendship environment.Therefore, children must be able to use social media properly, make friends with friends who invite goodness.
The research examined the impact of social media in the learning process of children aged 612 years is not all social media has a negative impact, many people think that social media can only damage children's learning achievements, damage children's minds and others.Whereas it all happens because of the lack of supervision from parents and teachers, especially parents because children spend more time at home.Many parents today are busy working so that children do not have strict supervision, which is even worse when newborn children to enter early school children are always close to social media, when children cry lamgsung given social media, such as Youtube to watch.Even though if children often see cellphone light, it will have a negative impact on the health of the child's eyes.Children spend more time at home so that children do not socialize with friends and the environment where children live.
Teachers should also limit or give rules for children not to bring cellphones to school, because it is a social media that will interfere with children's focus.Children who always play with social media will have a negative impact on the child's mentality.For example, because children often play social media at home without any socialization with the surrounding environment will make children become individualistic.That is, children tend to be alone, do not want to share with their friends, every time they have a problem the child will keep it alone, even though it will damage the child's mentality.As parents limit the use of social media in children, give children time to be with friends, parents, and play social media.So that it will teach them to manage their time.So that children will become disciplined people, because since childhood they have been educated very well.
The environment where children play, teach children to be able to choose a good environment.Because if the home and school environment is good but the environment where children play is the opposite, it is the same as the child will fall into it.Good children will produce a good environment too.If every parent is able to create a good child then the environment where the child plays will be good too.Wherever children live and play, when viewed in terms of technological developments at this time, it cannot be denied that children will remain in the technological environment, one of which is social media.Many children and even parents are also affected by social media, even elderly people today can also be said to be affected by social media, what if children are not affected by their immediate environment.If you want children not to be affected then create a good home environment.
When the age of the child has entered adolescence, the influence from outside and inside is very much.Children who experience a bad mentality because of unsupportive home conditions, then in terms of bad friendships as well, then children will automatically take it out on social media, such as children posting inappropriate things on social media, children using social media to find girlfriends.Many times nowadays social media is used to find girlfriends online, it is undeniable that children aged 12 years and even 8 years already know the name of a girlfriend.The purpose of this study is to find out the reasons and effects of social media, hopefully later social media can be overcome and does not have a negative impact on the learning process of children aged 6-12 years.Because this social media problem is not an easy and quick problem to overcome, therefore it is necessary to deal with every child who uses social media first.

CONCLUSION
Based on the discussion described above, it can be concluded that the impact of social media in the learning process of children aged 6-12 years is very large.Because the negative impact of social media makes children's learning ineffective, not only in the learning process, but in friendships and mental children will have an impact later, for this reason, more attention must be given by parents and teachers to children.So that children continue to use social media but under the supervision, attention of parents and the family environment.So that children remain focused on carrying out their learning, it will help children improve their achievement and enthusiasm for learning because with this social media, children can also learn with a note that children must be monitored by adults.Social media in children's learning can have a positive or negative impact according to its use.For this reason, as children and students must be wise in choosing and using this social media.Because then this social media will have a direct impact on yourself both in behavior and in the character of the child.